摘  要

写作作为语言运用的高级形式和人们日常生活与学习经常使用的表达方式，它是人们传递信息、发表内心见解、交流思想、表情达意的一种重要形式。在初中阶段，写作教学是语文教学的重中之重。语文教材是语文教学的载体，是借以实现语文教学目标，发挥语文教育功能的物质基础，是教师进行教学和学生进行学习的主要凭借。所以教材中的写作系统在语文教材建设中的重要地位是不言而喻的，如何编写出行之有效的写作系统是顺利完成写作教学任务的先行条件。

延边朝鲜族自治州位于吉林省东部，地处中、朝、俄三国交界，是朝鲜族的主要聚居地。汉语学习是延边地区朝鲜族学生的第二语言学习，运用汉语进行写作能够提高朝鲜族学生的汉语言综合能力，是培养朝鲜族学生的思维品质和汉语表达能力的主要途径，所以朝鲜族初中使用的汉语教材中的写作系统是顺利完成写作教学的重要依据。因此论文选取2002年延教版（旧版）和2007年延教版（新版）七至九年级《汉语》（义务教育朝鲜族学校教科书）两套教材，对其写作系统进行比较分析，从编排方式、写作要求、写作指导、内容构成、写作训练五方面来探讨两套教材的写作系统。

论文首先对两套教材中的写作系统做出整体表述，分析汉语课程标准对朝鲜族初中汉语写作的整体要求，呈现两套教材写作系统的构成要素；然后对两套教材写作系统进行比较分析。在文体编排方面，通过对记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文四种文体的编排比较来总结两套教材编排的特点；在写作要求上同样是从这四种文体的写作要求对两套教材进行比较，总结出写作要求的时代性和个体经验性；在写作指导方面，对写前指导、写中指导、写后指导进行了比较分析；在内容构成方面，比较了两套教材的写作内容的主题选取和写作内容的实用性；在写作训练方面，比较了两套教材写作训练的契合性和写作训练的趣味性。

论文在两套教材比较研究的基础上，对新教材中写作系统提出了编写建议，针对比较对象，分别从编排方式、写作要求、写作指导、内容构成、写作训练五方面提出建议。编排方式上应注重各种文体的比例和编排顺序；写作要求上应注重时代性和发挥学生的主观能动性；写作指导上应增加全面性和丰富性；内容构成上应增强民族性内容，并进行实用性与文学性的合理分配；写作训练上应增加写作活动的趣味性。

通过对两套教材写作系统的比较分析，以期对延边地区朝鲜族初中《汉语》教材的编写提供一定的借鉴和启示。

关键词：延边地区；朝鲜族初中；《汉语》教材；新版；旧版；写作系统；比较

Abstract

  Writing as Expression of daily life and learning and advanced form of people language frequently used, it is an important way to convey information, express opinions, ideas, feelings expression. In the stage of middle school, writing teaching is the priority among priorities in Chinese teaching. Chinese teaching material is the carrier of Chinese teaching, it is the foundation to achieve the goal of Chinese teaching and play the Chinese educational function, it is the main way of teaching and learning. So the importance of writing system in the textbook in the construction of Chinese teaching materials is self-evident, how to edit effective writing system is successfully completed a condition precedent to writing teaching task.

The Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, located in the east of Jilin Province, where is located at the junction of China, Korea, Russia. It is mainly inhabited by the Chinese korean. Learning Chinese is second language learning for korean students in Yanbian. Using Chinese to write can improve the Korean students` Chinese language comprehensive ability. It is the main way to cultivate the Korean students' quality of thinking and language expression ability, so the writing system of Chinese is an important way for the students in korean junior school to learn writing. So the thesis makes comparisons on "Chinese" textbooks of Yan Jiao edition of 2002 (old version) and Yan Jiao edition of 2007 (New Edition) from seven to nine grade (compulsory education of Korea school textbook) ,it is comparative analysis of the writing system, from the layout, requirements, guidance, contents and writing training.

Firstly, it makes an overall description of the writing system on two sets of teaching materials and analyzes the Chinese curriculum standards of the whole Korean junior school about Chinese writing, in turn to present the elements of two textbooks in writing system; and then makes comparative analysis on the two sets of textbooks writing system. It sums up the characteristics of the two sets of textbooks through the comparison of stylistic arrangement of narrative, argumentative, expository writing, practical writing. By comparing two sets of materials on the writing requirements, which is also through the four styles of writing, to summarize the writing requirements of the times and individual experience. In the guidance of writing, it contrasts the guidance of before writing, writing and after writing. In content, it contrasts theme selection and writing content on practical writing content of the two sets of textbooks. In writing training, it compares the two sets of textbooks writing training fit and writing training interest.

The comparative study on the two sets of teaching materials,which is according to the comparative object, the writing system in the new textbook presents writing proposals, respectively from the arrangement, writing requirements, guidance, content form,and writing training five aspects of writing. The arrangement should be a variety of style and the proportion of the sequence; writing requirements should pay attention to the times and to give play to the subjective initiative of students; writing instruction should increase the comprehensive and abundant; contents should enhance national content, and reasonable distribution of practicality and literary; writing training should be increased;the fun activities of writing.

It provides the reference and revelation on editing the “Chinese” textbook in Korean junior high school in Yanbian by comparing the writing system of new and old textbook.

 Key words: Yanbian；The Korean junior school；The Chinese textbooks pressed Yanbian education ;The new teaching material; The old teaching material; The writing system; Comparison