中日关系是我国对外关系中最复杂的也是最重要的关系之一，在世界多极化和经济全球化的发展趋势下，在我国进入全面建设小康社会，加快推进社会主义现代化的新的发展阶段，发展长期、稳定和健康的中日睦邻友好关系更显重要。中国是世界最大的发展中国家，日本是亚洲唯一的发达国家，两国承担着维护和平与促进发展的重要责任，中日两国关系如何不仅对两国至关重要，而且对亚太地区乃至世界局势都具有相当重要的影响。世界历史步入近代以来，中日关系经历了二战后长达20多年的“冰冻”期，1972年的中日关系邦交正常化，以及20世纪80、90年代政治经济领域的长足发展。而中日两国之间的政治、经济和文化关系的现状却令人忧虑。虽然中日两国于1972年实现了邦交正常化，而且在两国政府和人民的共同努力下，中日关系得到了长足的发展，但也存在一些不和谐的因素，如对侵略历史的认识问题，台湾问题和钓鱼岛问题和当前国际环境、经贸关系和文化差异等问题，严重影响了中日关系的发展。而21世纪初中日关系处在微妙的时期，准确把握其发展趋势，提出正确的改善和促进中日关系发展的策略，对促进21世纪中日关系朝向稳定、健康的方向和谐发展，有着重要的意义。本文从中日关系的发展历史着手，研究中日关系的现状和特点，分析影响和制约中日关系发展的因素，进而提出中日关系在21世纪的发展趋势，进一步探讨改善和促进中日关系发展的策略。

Sino-Japanese relations is one of the most complicated and important foreign relations of China. Under the trend towards world multi-polarization and economic globalization, and on new phase of development for building a well-off society in an all-round way and speeding up socialist modernization. It is important to develop the good-neighborly and friendly relationship of long-term stability with Japan. China is the biggest developing country in the world, and Japan is the only developed country in Asia. China and Japan bear the responsibility of keeping the world peace and promoting its development. Sino-Japanese relations is not only important to each country, but also important to the situation of Asia-Pacific region and the world situation. Sino-Japanese relations had experienced first Sino-Japanese war in 1894 and the singing of the treaty of Shimonoseki, Japanese war of aggression against China from 1937to 1945, 20 years Freeze-up Period after World War Ⅱ, Normalization of Sino-Japanese relations in 1972, and rapid development in political and economic area between two countries during 1980-90’s. Although China and Japan had normalized mutual relationship since 1972, and with the efforts of two governments and people, Sino-Japanese relations had made rapid development, there are still some disharmonious factors in Sino-Japanese relations. Such as recognition of aggressive war, Taiwan Issue, disputing of Tiaoyutai Islands (Senkaku Islands), and the present problem of praying at the Yasukuni Shrine, disputing for gas and oil in East China Sea, etc. And these problems greatly affected the development of Sino-Japanese relations. So, how to take history as a mirror, face forward to the future, and promote the concord development of Sino-Japanese relations in 21 century is an important problem before us. This paper started with the history of Sino-Japanese relations, studied its present situation and characteristics, analyzes the elements that influence and restrict the development of Sino-Japanese relations, then advanced the developing trend of Sino-Japanese relations in 21 century, delved further into the strategy of improving and promoting Sino-Japanese relations.